Gonadotropin-oslobađajući hormon

Gonadotropin-oslobađajući hormon‎‎
Gonadotropin-oslobađajući hormon‎‎
	from PDB: 1YY1
Identifikatori
Simboli	GNRH1; GNRH; GRH; LHRH; LNRH
Vanjski ID	OMIM: 152760 MGI: 95789 HomoloGene: 641 GeneCards: GNRH1 Gene
Ontologija gena
Molekularna funkcija	• LHRH aktivnost;
Celularna komponenta	• ekstracelularni region; • rastvorna frakcija;
Biološki proces	• prenos signala; • interćelijska signalizacija; • razvoj multićelijskih organizama; • negativna regulacija ćelijske proliferacije;
Pregled RNK izražavanja
	podaci
Ortolozi
Vrsta	Čovek
Entrez	2796
Ensembl	ENSG00000147437
UniProt	P01148
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000825
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000816
Lokacija (UCSC)	Chr 8:; 25.33 - 25.34 Mb
PubMed pretraga	[1]

Gonadotropin-oslobađajući hormon (GnRH), takođe poznat kao LHRH (engl. Luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone) i luliberin ili gonadoliberin, je trofični peptidni hormon koji je odgovoran za oslobađanje folikul-stimulišućeg hormona (FSH) i luteinizujućeg hormona (LH) iz prednjeg režnja hipofize. GnRH se sintetiše i oslobađa iz neurona hipotalamusa. Ovaj peptid pripada familiji gonadotropin oslobađajućih hormona.

Formiranje

Gen, GNRH1, za GnRH prekurzor je lociran na hromozomu 8. Kod sisara, linearni dekapeptidni krajnji proizvod se sintetiše iz 92-aminokiselinskog prohormona u preoptičkom prednjem hipotalamusu

Struktura

GnRH strukturu su objasnili Nobelovci Rodžer Guilemin i Andru V. Schali 1977. godine: piroGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2

GnRH je neurohormon

GnRH se smatra neurohormonom, hormonom koji proizvode specifične neuronske ćelije i otpuštaju ga na njihovim neuronskim završecima. Ključna oblast za GNRH produkciju je preoptička oblast hipotalamusa, koja sadrži većinu GnRH-izlučujućih neurona. GnRH neuroni nastaju u nosu i migriraju u mozak, gde se rasprostiru po medijalnom septumu i hipotalamusu. Oni su povezani vrlo dugim (>1-milimetra dugačkim) dendritima. Oni su grupisani tako da primaju zajednički sinaptički input, što im omogućava da sinhronizuju GnRH oslobađanje.^[1]

Literatura

^ Campbell RE, Gaidamaka G, Han SK, Herbison AE (2009). „Dendro-dendritic bundling and shared synapses between gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 (26): 10835—40. PMC 2705602  . PMID 19541658. doi:10.1073/pnas.0903463106.

Dodatna literatura

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[pmid19541658-1] Campbell RE, Gaidamaka G, Han SK, Herbison AE (2009). „Dendro-dendritic bundling and shared synapses between gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 (26): 10835—40. PMC 2705602  . PMID 19541658. doi:10.1073/pnas.0903463106.

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