Leni Rifenštal
Helene Berta Amali „Leni” Rifenštal (nem. Helene Bertha Amalie "Leni" Riefenstahl; Berlin, 22. avgust 1902 — Peking, 8. septembar 2003) je bila nemačka režiserka, plesačica i glumica, široko poznata po svojoj estetici i napretku koji je donela u filmskoj tehnici. Njen najčuveniji film je bio Trijumf volje (Triumph des Willens), dokumentarac mitinga Nacističke partije u Nirnbergu 1934, koji je Nacistička Nemačka koristila kao moćan propagandni film.[1][2][3] Zbog toga što je bila poznata ličnost u Trećem rajhu, i zato što je bila lična poznanica Adolfa Hitlera i Jozefa Gebelsa, filmska karijera Leni Rifenštal je okončana nakon poraza Nemačke u Drugom svetskom ratu, kada je uhapšena, ali nije proglašena krivom za ratne zločine.[4] Leni Rifenštal je poznata u filmskoj istoriji zbog razvijanja nove estetike u filmu, posebno u odnosu na naga tela. Iako propagandna vrednost njenih ranih filmova odbija mnoge, njihovu estetiku mnoge filmadžije nalaze izvanrednom. Pošto ju je filmska industrija odbacila nakon Drugog svetskog rata, kasnije je objavljivala fotografije Nuba plemena iz Afrike, i nastavila je da radi na podvodnom filmu.
| Leni Rifenštal | |
|---|---|
 Leni Rifenštal | |
| Lični podaci | |
| Puno ime | Helene Berta Amali Rifenštal |
| Datum rođenja | 22. avgust 1902. |
| Mesto rođenja | Berlin, Nemačko carstvo |
| Datum smrti | 8. septembar 2003. (101 god.) |
| Mesto smrti | Peking, Nemačka |
| Potpis |  |
Knjige
uredi- Riefenstahl, Leni (1973). Die Nuba [The Last of the Nuba]. ISBN 978-0-312-13642-0.
- Riefenstahl, Leni (1976). Die Nuba von Kau [The Nuba People of Kau]. ISBN 978-0-312-16963-3.
- Riefenstahl, Leni (1978). Korallengärten [Coral Gardens]. ISBN 978-0-06-013591-1.
- Riefenstahl, Leni (1982). Mein Afrika [Vanishing Africa]. ISBN 978-0-517-54914-8.
- Riefenstahl, Leni (1987). Leni Riefenstahl's Memoiren [Leni Riefenstahl's Memoir]. ISBN 978-3-8228-0834-4.
- Riefenstahl, Leni (1990). Wunder unter Wasser [Wonder under Water]. ISBN 978-3-7766-1651-4.
- Riefenstahl, Leni (1995). Leni Riefenstahl: a memoir. New York: Picador. ISBN 9780312119263. (reviewed by bell hooks[5])
- Riefenstahl, Leni (2002). Africa. ISBN 978-3-8228-1616-5.
- Riefenstahl, Leni (2002). Riefenstahl Olympia. ISBN 978-3-8228-1945-6.
Reference
uredi- ^ Leni Riefenstahl ou le talent artistique au service d'une entreprise de mort – La cinéaste officielle du régime hitlérien aura cent ans le 22 août. Un destin qui épouse l'histoire du XXe siècle et pose la question des liens entre esthétique et idéologie
- ^ La cinéaste allemande Leni Riefenstahl est morte – La réalisatrice allemande Leni Riefenstahl, qui mit sa caméra au service d'Hitler, est décédée lundi soir à l'âge de 101 ans, selon une journaliste se présentant comme très proche
- ^ „Leni Riefenstahl, artiste asservie au nazisme”. Le Monde.fr (na jeziku: francuski). 2003-09-10. Pristupljeno 2021-05-07.
- ^ Leni Riefenstahl. (1993). Die Macht der Bilder: Leni Riefenstahl [film]. Germany, Africa: Ray Müller.
- ^ hooks, bell (1997). „Review: the feminazi mystique”. Transition Magazine. Indiana University Press on behalf of the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research at Harvard University via JSTOR (73): 156—162. JSTOR 2935451. doi:10.2307/2935451.
Literatura
uredi- Aitken, Ian (2013). The Concise Routledge Encyclopedia of the Documentary Film. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415596428.
- Andrew, Geoff (1999). The Director's Vision: A Concise Guide to the Art of 250 Great Filmmakers. A Cappella. ISBN 978-1556523663.
- Bernstein, Arnie (2013). Swastika Nation: Fritz Kuhn and the Rise and Fall of the German-American Bund. Macmillan. ISBN 978-1250036445.
- Edmondson, Jacqueline (2007). Jesse Owens: A Biography. Greenwood Publishing. ISBN 978-0313339882.
- Gale, Thomson (2007). Video Sourcebook: A Guide to Programs Currently Available on Video in the Areas Of: Movies/Entertainment, General Interest/Education, Sports/Recreation, Fine Arts, Heal. Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1414400990.
- Heck-Rabi, Louise (1984). Women Filmmakers: A Critical Reception. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810816602.
- Hinton, David (2000). The Films of Leni Riefenstahl
. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-1461635062. - Infield, Glenn (1976). Leni Riefenstahl: the Fallen Film Goddess . Crowell. ISBN 978-0690011678.
- Kenrick, Donald (2006). The Final Chapter. University of Hertfordshire. ISBN 978-1902806495.
- Langford, Michelle (2012). Directory of World Cinema: Germany. Intellect Books. ISBN 978-1841504650.
- Rhiel, Mary; O'Sickey, Ingeborg; Pages, Neil (2008). Riefenstahl Screened: An Anthology of New Criticism. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1441104533.
- Rother, Rainer (2003). Leni Riefenstahl: The Seduction of Genius. A&C Black. ISBN 978-0826470232.
- Salkeld, Audrey (2011). A Portrait Of Leni Riefenstahl. Random House. ISBN 978-1446475270.
- Tomlinson, Alan (2012). National Identity and Global Sports Events: Culture, Politics, and Spectacle in the Olympics and the Football World Cup. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0791482483.
- Trimborn, Jürgen (2008). Leni Riefenstahl: A Life . Faber & Faber. ISBN 978-0865479760.
- Buruma, Ian (14. 6. 2007). „Fascinating Narcissim”. The New York Review of Books. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- „Before Steven Speilberg there Was Leni Riefenstahl!”. Crime File News. 28. 12. 2011. Arhivirano iz originala 22. 10. 2020. g. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Connolly, Kate (18. 8. 2002). „Gypsies' Fate Gaunts Film Muse of Hitler”. The Guardian. Pristupljeno 3. 6. 2015.
- Corliss, Richard (22. 8. 2002). „That Old Feeling: Leni's Triumph”. Time. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Davis, David (12. 9. 2003). „Pro-Nazi Filmmaker Leni Riefenstahl, 101, Dies”. The Forward. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- Downing, Taylor (8. 8. 2012). „The Olympics on Film”. History Today. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Ebert, Roger (24. 6. 1994). „The Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl”. Chicago Sun-Times. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Erickson, Hal (2014). „Triumph of the Will”. Movies & TV Dept. The New York Times. Baseline & All Movie Guide. Arhivirano iz originala 16. 9. 2014. g. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Fantz, Ashley (1. 10. 2002). „Happy Birthday, Leni Riefenstahl”. Salon. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Falcon, Richard (9. 9. 2003). „Leni Riefenstahl”. The Guardian. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- „Fascinating Fascism”. The New York Review of Books. 6. 2. 1976. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- Graham, Cooper (1993). „Olympia in America, 1938: Leni Riefenstahl, Hollywood, and the Kristallnacht” (PDF). Library of Congress. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- Harris, Paul (29. 4. 2007). „Hollywood Tackles Hitler's Leni”. The Guardian. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- „Her Films Glorified Hitler now Leni Riefenstahl's Story Hits the Screen”. The Scotsman. 11. 6. 2012. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- „Hitler's Filmmaker Leni Riefenstahl Celebrates 101st Birthday”. Haaretz. 22. 8. 2003. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- „Hitler's Filmmaker to Release New Film”. BBC News. 7. 1. 2002. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- James, Clive (25. 3. 2007). „Reich Star”. The New York Times. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- Jagernauth, Kevin (11. 3. 2011). „Steven Soderbergh Reveals He Dropped A Leni Riefenstahl Biopic To Do 'Contagion' Instead”. The Playlist. Arhivirano iz originala 19. 04. 2014. g. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Kennicott, Phillip (29. 11. 2005). „Art of Justice: The Filmmakers at Nuremberg”. The Washington Post. Pristupljeno 5. 6. 2015.
- Kit, Borys (29. 9. 2014). „'Game of Thrones' Actress to Play Leni Riefenstahl in Jesse Owens Biopic”. The Hollywood Reporter. Pristupljeno 2. 10. 2014.
- Kramer, Hilton (9. 2. 1975). „The Evolution of Susan Sontag”. The New York Times. Pristupljeno 2. 9. 2019.
- „Leni Riefenstahl 1902–2003”. HSC Online (Charles Sturt University). Arhivirano iz originala 10. 10. 2014. g. Pristupljeno 5. 6. 2015.
- „Leni Riefenstahl: The Casualty of Triumph”. World Press Review. 22. 8. 2014. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- „Leni Riefenstahl Biography”. University of Washington. 2008. Pristupljeno 28. 5. 2015.
- „Leni Riefenstahl Biography”. Leni Riefenstahl. 2001. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- „Leni Riefenstahl Hurt In Sudan Crash”. BBC News. 1. 3. 2001. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Mathews, Thomas. „Leni: The Life and Work of Leni Riefenstahl, by Steven Bach”. The Independent. Pristupljeno 3. 6. 2015.
- Morris, Gary (1. 11. 1999). „Lonesome Leni: Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl”. Bright Lights Film Journal. Pristupljeno 4. 1. 2008.
- Moore, Charles (10. 9. 2003). „Leni Riefenstahl”. The Daily Telegraph. Pristupljeno 3. 6. 2015.
- Ross, Harold Wallace; White, Katharine Sergeant Angell (1994). „Moschino”. The New Yorker. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Müller, Ray (23. 3. 1999). The Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl (television documentary). Omega Film GmbH. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- „Nazi Propaganda Photos Withdrawn”. BBC News. 25. 6. 2005. Pristupljeno 3. 6. 2015.
- Riding, Alan (10. 9. 2003). „Leni Riefenstahl, Film Innovator Tied to Hitler, Dies at 101”. The New York Times. Pristupljeno 3. 6. 2015.
- Rollyson, Carl (7. 3. 2007). „Leni Riefenstahl on Trial”. The New York Sun. Arhivirano iz originala 16. 05. 2020. g. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- Sontag, Susan (6. 2. 1975). „Fascinating Fascism”. The New York Review of Books. Pristupljeno 2. 9. 2019.
- Taylor, Charles (29. 4. 2007). „Ill Will”. The Nation. Pristupljeno 3. 6. 2015.
- „American Publicity Tour With Olympia”. F-R Publishing Corporation. 2007. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- Robert, Douglas (31. 8. 2013). „The Unrepentant Leni Riefenstahl”. Critics At Large. Pristupljeno 3. 6. 2015.
- Smith, Sandra (11. 9. 2003). „What They Said About… Leni Riefenstahl”. The Guardian. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Steinberg, Stefan (15. 9. 2003). „Leni Riefenstahl – Propagandist For the Third Reich”. International Committee of the Fourth International. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Thurman, Judith (29. 3. 2007). „Where There's a Will: the Rise of Leni Riefenstahl”. The New Yorker. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- „Triumph of the Will”. The History Place. 2001. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- Trimborn, Jürgen (25. 3. 2007). „Leni Riefenstahl”. The New York Times. Pristupljeno 2. 6. 2015.
- „Valeria Schulczová, Roman Olekšák: Leni” (na jeziku: slovački). Slovenské Národné Divadlo (SND). 15. 4. 2014. Arhivirano iz originala 04. 03. 2016. g. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
- Whipp, Glenn (16. 8. 2009). „Quentin Tarantino's 'Basterds' Is a Glorious Mash-up”. Los Angeles Times. Pristupljeno 7. 6. 2015.
Spoljašnje veze
uredi- Leni Rifenštal na sajtu IMDb (jezik: engleski)
- Official website
- Leni Riefenstahl at Jewish Virtual Library
- Leni Rifenštal na sajtu IMDb (jezik: engleski)
- Novinski isečci na temu Leni Rifenštal u Novinskim arhivama 20. veka Nemačke nacionalne biblioteke ekonomije (ZBW)
- Leni Riefenstahl's Triumph of the Will on MoMA Learning
