Džuče ideja
Džuče ideja (korej. 주체사상)[1] je zvanična državna ideologija Severne Koreje, ali i celokupan politički sistem te države.[2] Tvorac ideje je Kim Il Sung (1912—1994).[3] Srž same ideje je da je ”čovek gospodar svega, i odlučuje o svemu”.[4][5][6] Zvanično je uvedena 1972. godine kao zamena za marksizam-lenjinizam, a sledbenici je smatraju višom, razvijenom formom socijalizma.
Praktična primena
urediPrema Kim Džong Ilovom delu O Džuče ideji, primena Džučea u državnoj politici podrazumeva sledeće:
- Narodu se mora obezbediti sloboda političkog mišljenja, te oslanjanje na sopstvene potencijale u ekonomiji, ali i politici oružanih snaga (što se može smatrati težnjom ka blokovskoj nesvrstanosti).
- Ovakva politika mora nadahnuti narodne mase što bi stvorilo punu zaposlenost u revoluciji i obnovi.
- Metodi revolucije i obnove moraju biti prilagođeni situaciji u zemlji, i
- najvažniji proces u toj revoluciji treba da bude oblikovanje ljudi kao zrelih komunista spremnih na akciju u izgradnji zemlje.
Religijske odlike
urediKim il Sung je proklamacijom Džuče ideje želeo da narodu stvori adekvatnu zamenu za religiju, tj. da ukloni metafizičke aspekte religije kao društvenog fenomena, ali su i opet pridodate i neke sličnosti: godina rođenja Kim Il Sunga je, nekoliko godina posle njegove smrti uzeta za početnu godinu novog Džuče kalendara; statue Kim Il Sunga postoje u svim naseljima u Severnoj Koreji, njegove i slika Kim Džong Ila su obavezne na zidovima svih stanova, kancelarija, fabričkih hala, u vozovima, autobusima i putničkim avionima, a bedževe sa njihovim likovima moraju nositi svi građani dok su na javnim mestima. Džuče toranj, Velika bronzana statua Kim Il Sunga sa ispruženom rukom, te njegova rodna kuća i mauzolej (sve u Pjongjangu) su glavna mesta hodočašća za severnokorejski narod, ali i za malobrojne pristalice Džuče ideje širom sveta.
Reference
uredi- ^ Myers 2015, str. 11.
- ^ Myers 2015, str. 12.
- ^ Myers 2015, str. 13.
- ^ Cumings 1997, str. 207, 403–04.
- ^ Abt 2014, str. 73–74.
- ^ Robinson 2007, str. 159.
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