Epifiza

*Epifiza*
Epifiza
	Dijagram hipofize i epifize u ljudskom mozgu
Detalji
Latinski	glandula pinealis
Prekurzor	Neuralni ektoderm
Arterija	Posteriorna moždana arterija
Pokazatelji
Grejova anatomija	p.1277
MeSH	Pineal+gland
NeuroLex ID	Pineal body
Dorlands; /Elsevier	g_06/12392585
TA	A11.2.00.001
FMA	62033
	Anatomska terminologija

Epifiza ili pinealna žlezda (lat. glandula pinealis) je mala endokrina žlezda smeštena na bazi mozga, između moždanih hemisfera. Kod čoveka, ova žlezda je veličine zrna pšenice. Oblik žlezde podseća na borovu šišarku, po kojoj je i dobila ime. Epifiza luči melatonin - hormon koji reguliše budnost i spavanje. Kod životinja, melotonin je zadužen za funkciju polnog nagona, ponašanje, rast krzna, kamuflažu i zimski san. Glavne ćelije u epifizi koje luče hormon se zovu pinealociti.^[1]^[2]

Reference

^ Macchi M, Bruce J (2004). „Human pineal physiology and functional significance of melatonin”. Front Neuroendocrinol. 25 (3–4): 177—95. PMID 15589268. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2004.08.001.
^ Arendt J, Skene DJ. „journal=Sleep Med Rev |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=25–39 |year=2005 |pmid=15649736 |quote=Exogenous melatonin has acute sleepiness-inducing and temperature-lowering effects during 'biological daytime', and when suitably timed (it is most effective around dusk and dawn) it will shift the phase of the human circadian clock (sleep, endogenous melatonin, core body temperature, cortisol) to earlier (advance phase shift) or later (delay phase shift) times.”. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2004.05.002.

Spoljašnje veze

Histology at BU: Endocrine System: pineal gland (illustration)
Anatomy Atlases, Microscopic atlas: Pineal gland
MedPix: Images of Pineal region
Ancient Brain Mapping and Origins of the Eye of Horus: Egyptian Study of the Pineal Gland

[1] Macchi M, Bruce J (2004). „Human pineal physiology and functional significance of melatonin”. Front Neuroendocrinol. 25 (3–4): 177—95. PMID 15589268. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2004.08.001.

[Arendt2005-2] Arendt J, Skene DJ. „journal=Sleep Med Rev |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=25–39 |year=2005 |pmid=15649736 |quote=Exogenous melatonin has acute sleepiness-inducing and temperature-lowering effects during 'biological daytime', and when suitably timed (it is most effective around dusk and dawn) it will shift the phase of the human circadian clock (sleep, endogenous melatonin, core body temperature, cortisol) to earlier (advance phase shift) or later (delay phase shift) times.”. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2004.05.002.

[1]

[2]