G-protein-spregnuti unutrašnje-ispravljajući kalijumski kanali

KCNJ9
KCNJ9
Identifikatori
Simbol	KCNJ9
Alt. simboli	Kir3.3, GIRK3
IUPHAR	Kir3.3
Entrez	3765
HUGO	6270
OMIM	600932
RefSeq	NM_004983
UniProt	Q92806
Ostali podaci
Lokus	Hromozom 1 q23.2

KCNJ6
KCNJ6
Identifikatori
Simbol	KCNJ6
Alt. simboli	KCNJ7, Kir3.2, GIRK2, KATP2, BIR1, hiGIRK2
IUPHAR	Kir3.2
Entrez	3763
HUGO	6267
OMIM	600877
RefSeq	NM_002240
UniProt	P48051
Ostali podaci
Lokus	Hromozom 21 q22.1

KCNJ3
KCNJ3
Identifikatori
Simbol	KCNJ3
Alt. simboli	Kir3.1, GIRK1, KGA
IUPHAR	Kir3.1
Entrez	3760
HUGO	6264
OMIM	601534
RefSeq	NM_002239
UniProt	P48549
Ostali podaci
Lokus	Hromozom 2 q24.1

G-protein-spregnuti unutrašnje-ispravljajući kalijumski kanali (engl. G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium channels, GIRK) su familija kalijumskih jonskih kanala koji se aktiviraju (otvaraju) putem kaskade prenosa signala koju iniciraju ligand-stimulisani G protein spregnuti receptori.^[1]^[2] GPCR receptori otpuštaju aktivirane G-proteinske βγ-podjedinice (G_βγ) sa neaktivnih heterotrimernih G proteinskih kompleksa (G_αβγ). G_βγ dimerni protein interaguje sa GIRK kanalima i otvara ih za jone kalijuma, što dovodi do hiperpolarizacije ćelije. G-protein-spregnuti unutrašnje-ispravljajući kalijumski kanali su tip G protein-kontrolisanih jonskih kanala koji se direktno aktiviraju G proteinskim podjedinicama.

KCNJ5
Identifikatori
Simbol	KCNJ5
Alt. simboli	Kir3.4, CIR, KATP1, GIRK4
IUPHAR	K_ir3.4
Entrez	3762
HUGO	6266
OMIM	600734
RefSeq	NM_000890
UniProt	P48544
Ostali podaci
Lokus	Hromozom 11 q24

GIRK1 do GIRK3 su široko rasprostranjeni u centralnom nervnom sistemu.^[3]^[4]^[5] GIRK4 je nađen prvenstveno u srcu.^[6]

Podvrste

protein	gen	alijasi
GIRK1	KCNJ3	K_ir3.1
GIRK2	KCNJ6	K_ir3.2
GIRK3	KCNJ9	K_ir3.3
GIRK4	KCNJ5	K_ir3.4

Primeri

Širok spektar G-protein spregnutih receptora aktivira GIRK kanale, uključujući M₂-muskarinski, A₁-adenozinski, α₂-adrenergički, D₂-dopaminski, μ- δ-, i κ-opioidni, 5-HT_1A serotonin, somatostatinski, galaninski, m-Glu, GABA_B, i sfingozin-1-fosfatni receptor.^[2]

GIRK kanali su podskup kalijumskih kanala srca, koji, nakon aktivacije parasimpatičkim signalima poput acetilholina kroz M2 muskarinske receptore, izazivaju upliv kalijuma u ćeliju, što usporava brzinu srca.^[7]^[8] Oni se nazivaju muskarinskim kalijumskim kanalima (I_KACh). Oni su heterotetrameri koji se sastoje od dve GIRK1 i dve GIRK4 podjedinice.^[6]^[9]

Reference

^ Dascal, N. (1997). „Signalling via the G protein-activated K⁺ channels”. Cell. Signal. 9 (8): 551—73. PMID 9429760. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(97)00095-8.
^ ^а ^б Yamada M, Inanobe A, Kurachi Y (1998). „G protein regulation of potassium ion channels”. Pharmacological Reviews. 50 (4): 723—60. PMID 9860808.
^ Kobayashi T, Ikeda K, Ichikawa T, Abe S, Togashi S, Kumanishi T (1995). „Molecular cloning of a mouse G-protein-activated K+ channel (mGIRK1) and distinct distributions of three GIRK (GIRK1, 2 and 3) mRNAs in mouse brain”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 208 (3): 1166—73. PMID 7702616. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1456.
^ Karschin C, Dissmann E, Stühmer W, Karschin A (1996). „IRK(1-3) and GIRK(1-4) inwardly rectifying K+ channel mRNAs are differentially expressed in the adult rat brain”. J. Neurosci. 16 (11): 3559—70. PMID 8642402.
^ Chen SC, Ehrhard P, Goldowitz D, Smeyne RJ (1997). „Developmental expression of the GIRK family of inward rectifying potassium channels: implications for abnormalities in the weaver mutant mouse”. Brain Res. 778 (2): 251—64. PMID 9459542. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00896-2.
^ ^а ^б Krapivinsky G, Gordon EA, Wickman K, Velimirović B, Krapivinsky L, Clapham DE (1995). „The G-protein-gated atrial K+ channel IKACh is a heteromultimer of two inwardly rectifying K(+)-channel proteins”. Nature. 374 (6518): 135—41. PMID 7877685. doi:10.1038/374135a0.
^ Kunkel MT, Peralta EG (1995). „Identification of domains conferring G protein regulation on inward rectifier potassium channels”. Cell. 83 (3): 443—9. PMID 8521474. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90122-1.
^ Wickman K, Krapivinsky G, Corey S, Kennedy M, Nemec J, Medina I, Clapham DE (1999). „Structure, G protein activation, and functional relevance of the cardiac G protein-gated K⁺ channel, I_KACh”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 868: 386—98. PMID 10414308. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb11300.x. Архивирано из оригинала 29. 01. 2006. г. Приступљено 16. 01. 2011.
^ Corey S, Krapivinsky G, Krapivinsky L, Clapham DE (1998). „Number and stoichiometry of subunits in the native atrial G-protein-gated K⁺ channel, I_KACh”. J. Biol. Chem. 273 (9): 5271—8. PMID 9478984. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.9.5271.

Spoljašnje veze

G+Protein-Coupled+Inwardly-Rectifying+Potassium+Channels на US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

[pmid9429760-1] Dascal, N. (1997). „Signalling via the G protein-activated K⁺ channels”. Cell. Signal. 9 (8): 551—73. PMID 9429760. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(97)00095-8.

[pmid9860808-2] а ^б Yamada M, Inanobe A, Kurachi Y (1998). „G protein regulation of potassium ion channels”. Pharmacological Reviews. 50 (4): 723—60. PMID 9860808.

[pmid7702616-3] Kobayashi T, Ikeda K, Ichikawa T, Abe S, Togashi S, Kumanishi T (1995). „Molecular cloning of a mouse G-protein-activated K+ channel (mGIRK1) and distinct distributions of three GIRK (GIRK1, 2 and 3) mRNAs in mouse brain”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 208 (3): 1166—73. PMID 7702616. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1456.

[pmid8642402-4] Karschin C, Dissmann E, Stühmer W, Karschin A (1996). „IRK(1-3) and GIRK(1-4) inwardly rectifying K+ channel mRNAs are differentially expressed in the adult rat brain”. J. Neurosci. 16 (11): 3559—70. PMID 8642402.

[pmid9459542-5] Chen SC, Ehrhard P, Goldowitz D, Smeyne RJ (1997). „Developmental expression of the GIRK family of inward rectifying potassium channels: implications for abnormalities in the weaver mutant mouse”. Brain Res. 778 (2): 251—64. PMID 9459542. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00896-2.

[pmid7877685-6] а ^б Krapivinsky G, Gordon EA, Wickman K, Velimirović B, Krapivinsky L, Clapham DE (1995). „The G-protein-gated atrial K+ channel IKACh is a heteromultimer of two inwardly rectifying K(+)-channel proteins”. Nature. 374 (6518): 135—41. PMID 7877685. doi:10.1038/374135a0.

[pmid8521474-7] Kunkel MT, Peralta EG (1995). „Identification of domains conferring G protein regulation on inward rectifier potassium channels”. Cell. 83 (3): 443—9. PMID 8521474. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90122-1.

[pmid10414308-8] Wickman K, Krapivinsky G, Corey S, Kennedy M, Nemec J, Medina I, Clapham DE (1999). „Structure, G protein activation, and functional relevance of the cardiac G protein-gated K⁺ channel, I_KACh”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 868: 386—98. PMID 10414308. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb11300.x. Архивирано из оригинала 29. 01. 2006. г. Приступљено 16. 01. 2011.

[pmid9478984-9] Corey S, Krapivinsky G, Krapivinsky L, Clapham DE (1998). „Number and stoichiometry of subunits in the native atrial G-protein-gated K⁺ channel, I_KACh”. J. Biol. Chem. 273 (9): 5271—8. PMID 9478984. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.9.5271.

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