CXCL1

Hemokin (C-X-C motiv) ligand 1 (melanom rast stimulišuća aktivnost, alfa)
Hemokin (C-X-C motiv) ligand 1 (melanom rast stimulišuća aktivnost, alfa)
	PDB prikaz baziran na 1mgs.
Dostupne strukture
	1mgs, 1msg, 1msh
Identifikatori
Simboli	CXCL1; GRO1; GROa; MGSA; MGSA alpha; MGSA-a; NAP-3; SCYB1
Vanjski ID	OMIM: 155730 MGI: 3037818 HomoloGene: 84701 GeneCards: CXCL1 Gene
Ontologija gena
Molekularna funkcija	• hemokinska aktivnost; • aktivnost enzim aktivatora; • aktivnost faktora rasta;
Celularna komponenta	• ekstracelularni region; • ekstracelularni prostor;
Biološki proces	• hemotaksa; • inflamatorni odgovor; • imunski odgovor; • G-protein spregnuti receptor proteinski signalni put; • intracelularna signalna kaskada; • razvoj nervnog sistema; • ćelijska proliferacija; • negativna regulacija ćelijske proliferacije; • organizacija aktin citoskeletona i biogeneza;
Ortolozi
Vrsta	Čovek
Entrez	2919
Ensembl	ENSG00000163739
UniProt	P09341
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001511
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001502
Lokacija (UCSC)	Chr 4:; 74.95 - 74.97 Mb
PubMed pretraga	[1]

CXCL1, hemokin (C-X-C motiv) ligand 1, je mali citokin koji pripada CXC hemokin familiji. On se ranije zvao GRO1 onkogen, GROα, KC, neutrofil-aktivirajući protein 3 (NAP-3) i melanoma rast stimulišuća aktivnost, alfa (MSGA-α). Kod ljudi, ovaj protein je kodiran CXCL1 genom.^[1]^[2]

Funkcija

CXCL1 izlučuju ljudske ćelije melanoma. On ima mitogene osobine i učestvuje u patogenezi melanoma.^[3]^[4] CXCL1 izražavaju makrofage, neutrofili i epitelske ćelije,^[5]^[6] i dejstvuje kao neutrofilni hemoatraktant.^[7]^[8] CXCL1 igra ulogu u razvoju kičmene moždine putem inhibicije migracije oligodendrocit prekurzora, i učestvuje u procesima angiogeneze, inflamacije, zarastanja rana, i tumorigeneze.^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]

Ovaj hemokin dejstvuje putem signaliziranja kroz hemokin receptor CXCR2.^[9] Gen za CXCL1 je lociran na ljudskom hromozomu 4 među genima za drugih CXC hemokina.^[13] Jedna početna studija na miševima je proizvela evidenciju da CXCL1 umanjuje težinu multiple skleroze i da možda može da ima neuroprotektivnu ulogu.^[14]

Reference

^ Haskill S, Peace A, Morris J, Sporn SA, Anisowicz A, Lee SW, Smith T, Martin G, Ralph P, Sager R (1990). „Identification of three related human GRO genes encoding cytokine functions”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (19): 7732—6. PMC 54822  . PMID 2217207. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.19.7732.
^ Mire-Sluis, Anthony R.; Thorpe, Robin, ур. (1998). Cytokines (Handbook of Immunopharmacology). Boston: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-498340-5.
^ Anisowicz A, Bardwell L, Sager R (1987). „Constitutive overexpression of a growth-regulated gene in transformed Chinese hamster and human cells”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (20): 7188—92. PMC 299255  . PMID 2890161. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.20.7188.
^ Richmond A, Thomas HG (1988). „Melanoma growth stimulatory activity: isolation from human melanoma tumors and characterization of tissue distribution”. J. Cell. Biochem. 36 (2): 185—98. PMID 3356754. doi:10.1002/jcb.240360209.
^ Iida N, Grotendorst GR (1990). „Cloning and sequencing of a new gro transcript from activated human monocytes: expression in leukocytes and wound tissue”. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10 (10): 5596—9. PMC 361282  . PMID 2078213.
^ Becker S, Quay J, Koren HS, Haskill JS (1994). „Constitutive and stimulated MCP-1, GRO alpha, beta, and gamma expression in human airway epithelium and bronchoalveolar macrophages”. Am. J. Physiol. 266 (3 Pt 1): L278—86. PMID 8166297. ^{[мртва веза]}
^ Moser B, Clark-Lewis I, Zwahlen R, Baggiolini M (1990). „Neutrophil-activating properties of the melanoma growth-stimulatory activity”. J. Exp. Med. 171 (5): 1797—802. PMC 2187876  . PMID 2185333. doi:10.1084/jem.171.5.1797.
^ Schumacher C, Clark-Lewis I, Baggiolini M, Moser B (1992). „High- and low-affinity binding of GRO alpha and neutrophil-activating peptide 2 to interleukin 8 receptors on human neutrophils”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (21): 10542—6. PMC 50375  . PMID 1438244. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.21.10542.
^ ^а ^б Tsai HH, Frost E, To V, Robinson S, Ffrench-Constant C, Geertman R, Ransohoff RM, Miller RH (2002). „The chemokine receptor CXCR2 controls positioning of oligodendrocyte precursors in developing spinal cord by arresting their migration”. Cell. 110 (3): 373—83. PMID 12176324. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00838-3.
^ Devalaraja RM, Nanney LB, Du J, Qian Q, Yu Y, Devalaraja MN, Richmond A (2000). „Delayed wound healing in CXCR2 knockout mice”. J. Invest. Dermatol. 115 (2): 234—44. PMC 2664868  . PMID 10951241. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00034.x.
^ Haghnegahdar H, Du J, Wang D, Strieter RM, Burdick MD, Nanney LB, Cardwell N, Luan J, Shattuck-Brandt R, Richmond A (2000). „The tumorigenic and angiogenic effects of MGSA/GRO proteins in melanoma”. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67 (1): 53—62. PMC 2669312  . PMID 10647998. ^{[мртва веза]}
^ Owen JD, Strieter R, Burdick M, Haghnegahdar H, Nanney L, Shattuck-Brandt R, Richmond A (1997). „Enhanced tumor-forming capacity for immortalized melanocytes expressing melanoma growth stimulatory activity/growth-regulated cytokine beta and gamma proteins”. Int. J. Cancer. 73 (1): 94—103. PMID 9334815. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19970926)73:1<94::AID-IJC15>3.0.CO;2-5.
^ Richmond A, Balentien E, Thomas HG, Flaggs G, Barton DE, Spiess J, Bordoni R, Francke U, Derynck R (1988). „Molecular characterization and chromosomal mapping of melanoma growth stimulatory activity, a growth factor structurally related to beta-thromboglobulin”. EMBO J. 7 (7): 2025—33. PMC 454478  . PMID 2970963.
^ Omari KM, Lutz SE, Santambrogio L, Lira SA, Raine CS (2009). „Neuroprotection and remyelination after autoimmune demyelination in mice that inducibly overexpress CXCL1”. Am. J. Pathol. 174 (1): 164—76. PMC 2631329  . PMID 19095949. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2009.080350.

[pmid2217207-1] Haskill S, Peace A, Morris J, Sporn SA, Anisowicz A, Lee SW, Smith T, Martin G, Ralph P, Sager R (1990). „Identification of three related human GRO genes encoding cytokine functions”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (19): 7732—6. PMC 54822  . PMID 2217207. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.19.7732.

[2] Mire-Sluis, Anthony R.; Thorpe, Robin, ур. (1998). Cytokines (Handbook of Immunopharmacology). Boston: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-498340-5.

[pmid2890161-3] Anisowicz A, Bardwell L, Sager R (1987). „Constitutive overexpression of a growth-regulated gene in transformed Chinese hamster and human cells”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (20): 7188—92. PMC 299255  . PMID 2890161. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.20.7188.

[pmid3356754-4] Richmond A, Thomas HG (1988). „Melanoma growth stimulatory activity: isolation from human melanoma tumors and characterization of tissue distribution”. J. Cell. Biochem. 36 (2): 185—98. PMID 3356754. doi:10.1002/jcb.240360209.

[pmid2078213-5] Iida N, Grotendorst GR (1990). „Cloning and sequencing of a new gro transcript from activated human monocytes: expression in leukocytes and wound tissue”. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10 (10): 5596—9. PMC 361282  . PMID 2078213.

[pmid8166297-6] Becker S, Quay J, Koren HS, Haskill JS (1994). „Constitutive and stimulated MCP-1, GRO alpha, beta, and gamma expression in human airway epithelium and bronchoalveolar macrophages”. Am. J. Physiol. 266 (3 Pt 1): L278—86. PMID 8166297. ^{[мртва веза]}

[pmid2185333-7] Moser B, Clark-Lewis I, Zwahlen R, Baggiolini M (1990). „Neutrophil-activating properties of the melanoma growth-stimulatory activity”. J. Exp. Med. 171 (5): 1797—802. PMC 2187876  . PMID 2185333. doi:10.1084/jem.171.5.1797.

[pmid1438244-8] Schumacher C, Clark-Lewis I, Baggiolini M, Moser B (1992). „High- and low-affinity binding of GRO alpha and neutrophil-activating peptide 2 to interleukin 8 receptors on human neutrophils”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (21): 10542—6. PMC 50375  . PMID 1438244. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.21.10542.

[pmid12176324-9] а ^б Tsai HH, Frost E, To V, Robinson S, Ffrench-Constant C, Geertman R, Ransohoff RM, Miller RH (2002). „The chemokine receptor CXCR2 controls positioning of oligodendrocyte precursors in developing spinal cord by arresting their migration”. Cell. 110 (3): 373—83. PMID 12176324. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00838-3.

[pmid10951241-10] Devalaraja RM, Nanney LB, Du J, Qian Q, Yu Y, Devalaraja MN, Richmond A (2000). „Delayed wound healing in CXCR2 knockout mice”. J. Invest. Dermatol. 115 (2): 234—44. PMC 2664868  . PMID 10951241. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00034.x.

[pmid10647998-11] Haghnegahdar H, Du J, Wang D, Strieter RM, Burdick MD, Nanney LB, Cardwell N, Luan J, Shattuck-Brandt R, Richmond A (2000). „The tumorigenic and angiogenic effects of MGSA/GRO proteins in melanoma”. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67 (1): 53—62. PMC 2669312  . PMID 10647998. ^{[мртва веза]}

[pmid9334815-12] Owen JD, Strieter R, Burdick M, Haghnegahdar H, Nanney L, Shattuck-Brandt R, Richmond A (1997). „Enhanced tumor-forming capacity for immortalized melanocytes expressing melanoma growth stimulatory activity/growth-regulated cytokine beta and gamma proteins”. Int. J. Cancer. 73 (1): 94—103. PMID 9334815. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19970926)73:1<94::AID-IJC15>3.0.CO;2-5.

[pmid2970963-13] Richmond A, Balentien E, Thomas HG, Flaggs G, Barton DE, Spiess J, Bordoni R, Francke U, Derynck R (1988). „Molecular characterization and chromosomal mapping of melanoma growth stimulatory activity, a growth factor structurally related to beta-thromboglobulin”. EMBO J. 7 (7): 2025—33. PMC 454478  . PMID 2970963.

[pmid19095949-14] Omari KM, Lutz SE, Santambrogio L, Lira SA, Raine CS (2009). „Neuroprotection and remyelination after autoimmune demyelination in mice that inducibly overexpress CXCL1”. Am. J. Pathol. 174 (1): 164—76. PMC 2631329  . PMID 19095949. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2009.080350.

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